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		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=597</id>
		<title>Tire de-Rating</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=597"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T15:25:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/UpgradeTire/Final/Index.html &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
49 CFR Part 571 Docket No. NHTSA-03-15400 RIN 2127-AI54 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Tires &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''D. Tire Selection Criteria/De-Rating of P-metric Tires''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Commenters expressed a range of sentiments on these issues. Tire industry commenters strongly supported    retaining the de-rating percentage of 1.10 for P-metric tires used on    non-passenger car vehicles, and the proposal to revise FMVSS No. 110 to require determination of normal load based on 85% of the load at the    vehicle placard pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The vehicle industry commenters supported the extension of FMVSS No. 110 applicability to light trucks, MPVs and vans under 10,000 GVWR, but urged the agency to retain the vehicle normal load at 88% of the maximum load rating. The Alliance also suggested that the agency de-link the tire selection criteria from the load parameter used in the high-speed test, saying that no rationale exists for the linkage. While the Alliance stated that revising the load reserve requirement would affect areas of vehicle performance, such as braking and CAFE, and would require some redesign of vehicle systems and components, they did not provide specific data to support these assertions. GM stated that 22% of its car and 6% of its light truck volumes would not comply with the proposed tire selection criteria. Subaru also indicated that a significant percentage of its fleet would need to be altered to meet the proposals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Consumer group commenters suggested that the agency require a higher reserve load, between 18 and 20 percent because they believe that 15% does not adequately address typical loading conditions for trucks and heavier vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tire reserve load currently refers to a tire's remaining load-carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall and the vehicle is loaded to its gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). A reserve load is provided by vehicle manufacturers, as per the requirements of FMVSS No. 110, to account for overloading of the vehicle, under-inflation of tires, or both. The load reserve margin required by FMVSS No. 110 is linked with the load parameter in the FMVSS No. 109 high- speed test. The load parameter for the proposed high speed test was 85% percent of the maximum load as labeled on the tire. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The primary purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to specify requirements for tire selection to prevent tire overloading. Since the standard is a vehicle-based standard, the tire selected for each vehicle to which the standard applies is based on the load limits for the tire and the maximum vehicle weight. The maximum load rating (in lbs or kg) for a tire is currently determined at the maximum inflation pressure of 240 kPa (35 psi) for standard load P-metric tires. If the vehicle manufacturer, however, chooses to recommend an inflation pressure (labeled on the placard) lower than the maximum inflation pressure, the actual rated load is lower than that maximum rated load (based on maximum inflation pressure) because the tire load rating decreases with a lower inflation pressure.[34] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency believes that the actual rated load is a more appropriate measure of load reserve than the maximum rated load. The purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to prevent the overloading of a tire as installed on a vehicle, not on the tire in the abstract. The agency has concluded, therefore, that the most appropriate way for the vehicle manufacturer to determine the reserve load for the tire on the vehicle is to determine the load at recommended inflation pressure (as labeled on the placard), not at the maximum inflation pressure on the tire sidewall, since few, if any, vehicle manufacturers list the maximum inflation pressure as their recommended inflation    pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, if FMVSS No 110 were revised as proposed in the NPRM, vehicle manufacturers would be required to increase the reserve load from 12 percent to 15 percent on their vehicles. Additionally, the margin would, in fact, need to be made larger because the vehicle normal load would be based on the load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure rather than the load rating at the maximum inflation pressure of the tire.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The agency proposed an 85% figure, stating that increasing the tire reserve needed by a vehicle under normal loading conditions from 12 to 15 percent would result in a larger margin of safety when a vehicle is loaded to its GVWR or its tire are underinflated. Based on comments and further analysis, the agency believes that 85% figure combined with the load reserve being based on the load rating at placard pressure rather than at maximum inflation pressure is insufficiently justified at this time. Currently, the agency does not have any data that links reserve load to tire failure. The most recent data we have on this issue was analyzed in a 1981 study.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That study found no correlation between reserve load and tire failure. Further, the proposed reserve load increase would have necessitated the    vehicle manufacturers' making major changes in the design of some of    their vehicles to comply with the requirement.[35] For instance,    some vehicle manufacturers for some vehicles would have had to &amp;quot;plus&amp;quot;    size the tires on their vehicles, which could, in turn, have necessitated    a redesigning of other vehicle systems such as the suspension    and braking systems. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In response to the vehicle manufacturers' concerns, we have decided to de-link the tire selection criteria from the load used in the high- speed test. The agency believes that if it were to require that the vehicle normal load at placard pressure be no greater than the figure specified for the load parameter in the high speed test, 85%, too many vehicles would need a costly[36] tire upsize to comply with requirements that do not, based on all currently available data, appear to provide safety benefits. Further, the agency is not aware of any safety rationale to continue to link the load reserve requirements with the loading parameter in the high-speed test. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For passenger cars and for non-passenger car vehicles equipped with LT tires, the final rule requires that the vehicle normal load be based on 94% of load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. Therefore, vehicle    manufacturers will be required to insure that the tire reserve load corresponds with the tire's load carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the vehicle manufacturers recommended cold tire inflation pressure rather than the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall. The 94% figure was chosen to approximate closely the load reserve that results from the current requirement of 88% based of load rating at the tire's maximum inflation pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By specifying an 94% value based on vehicle normal load, the agency is addressing the vehicle industry's concerns that a significant number of vehicles would otherwise need to be redesigned to accommodate larger tire sizes, while aiming to reflect more accurately actual vehicle loading conditions of vehicles by requiring that each vehicle manufacturer select the appropriate reserve load for that vehicle. The agency has recently conducted a FMVSS No. 110 vehicle normal load evaluation and has concluded that almost all light vehicles could meet a revised criteria for load reserve based on 94% of placard pressure with only a minor increase, e.g., 1 or 2 psi, in this listed inflation pressure to accommodate the new requirement. Because 1 or 2 psi does not have a meaningful effect on the ride, comfort and, consequently, the marketability of a vehicle, this provision should impose little or no cost on the industry. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the final rule, the agency has also decided to retain the de-rating factor of 1.10 for P-metric tires    used on non-passenger car vehicles. For non-passenger car vehicles equipped with P-metric tires, the vehicle normal load shall be not greater than the de-rated value of 94% of the tire load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. This de-rating provides a greater load reserve when these tires are installed on vehicles other than passenger cars. For the first time, this final rule requires light trucks to have a specified tire reserve, the same as for passenger cars, under normal loading conditions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency has decided to retain the de-rating factor for P-metric tires used on MPVs, trucks, and buses in part in response to widespread support from commenters. Additionally, the agency continues to believe that the premise behind the 10 percent de-rating of P- metric tires remains valid today. This premise is that the reduction in the load rating is intended to provide a safety margin for the generally harsher treatment, such as heavier loading and possible off- road use, that passenger car tires receive when installed on a MPV, truck, bus or trailer, instead of on a passenger car.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''-- Content generously researched and provided by Jim Arnott''&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=596</id>
		<title>Index of Technical Articles By Subject</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=596"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T15:24:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Index of Technical Articles By Subject  ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{how to edit this page}} &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== List of articles:  ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bentley manual|Bentley Manual]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Brake lines replacement|Brake Lines Replacement]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conversions|Conversions Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Remove dash|Dash Removal]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electrical Articles|Electrical Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fix floppy mirror|Fix Floppy Mirror]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob|Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hi-Lift jack adapter|Hi-Lift Jack Adapter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[List of parts suppliers|List of Parts Suppliers]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Living Off The Grid Articles|Living Off The Grid Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pop Top Arm Repair|Pop Top Arm Repair]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maintenance Articles|Maintenance Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Syncro Tech Index|Syncro-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tire de-Rating]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Westy Tech Articles|Westfalia-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Replacing window seals|Window Seals, Replacing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=595</id>
		<title>Index of Technical Articles By Subject</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=595"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T15:12:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Index of Technical Articles By Subject  ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;This page needs a volunteer to populate. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{how to edit this page}} &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== List of articles:  ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bentley manual|Bentley Manual]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Brake lines replacement|Brake Lines Replacement]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conversions|Conversions Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Remove dash|Dash Removal]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electrical Articles|Electrical Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fix floppy mirror|Fix Floppy Mirror]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob|Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hi-Lift jack adapter|Hi-Lift Jack Adapter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[List of parts suppliers|List of Parts Suppliers]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Living Off The Grid Articles|Living Off The Grid Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pop Top Arm Repair|Pop Top Arm Repair]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maintenance Articles|Maintenance Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Syncro Tech Index|Syncro-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tire de-Rating]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Westy Tech Articles|Westfalia-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Replacing window seals|Window Seals, Replacing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=594</id>
		<title>Tire de-Rating</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=594"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T15:10:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/UpgradeTire/Final/Index.html &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
49 CFR Part 571 Docket No. NHTSA-03-15400 RIN 2127-AI54 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Tires &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''D. Tire Selection Criteria/De-Rating of P-metric Tires''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Commenters expressed a range of sentiments on these issues. Tire industry commenters strongly supported    retaining the de-rating percentage of 1.10 for P-metric tires used on    non-passenger car vehicles, and the proposal to revise FMVSS No. 110 to require determination of normal load based on 85% of the load at the    vehicle placard pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The vehicle industry commenters supported the extension of FMVSS No. 110 applicability to light trucks, MPVs and vans under 10,000 GVWR, but urged the agency to retain the vehicle normal load at 88% of the maximum load rating. The Alliance also suggested that the agency de-link the tire selection criteria from the load parameter used in the high-speed test, saying that no rationale exists for the linkage. While the Alliance stated that revising the load reserve requirement would affect areas of vehicle performance, such as braking and CAFE, and would require some redesign of vehicle systems and components, they did not provide specific data to support these assertions. GM stated that 22% of its car and 6% of its light truck volumes would not comply with the proposed tire selection criteria. Subaru also indicated that a significant percentage of its fleet would need to be altered to meet the proposals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Consumer group commenters suggested that the agency require a higher reserve load, between 18 and 20 percent because they believe that 15% does not adequately address typical loading conditions for trucks and heavier vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tire reserve load currently refers to a tire's remaining load-carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall and the vehicle is loaded to its gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). A reserve load is provided by vehicle manufacturers, as per the requirements of FMVSS No. 110, to account for overloading of the vehicle, under-inflation of tires, or both. The load reserve margin required by FMVSS No. 110 is linked with the load parameter in the FMVSS No. 109 high- speed test. The load parameter for the proposed high speed test was 85% percent of the maximum load as labeled on the tire. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The primary purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to specify requirements for tire selection to prevent tire overloading. Since the standard is a vehicle-based standard, the tire selected for each vehicle to which the standard applies is based on the load limits for the tire and the maximum vehicle weight. The maximum load rating (in lbs or kg) for a tire is currently determined at the maximum inflation pressure of 240 kPa (35 psi) for standard load P-metric tires. If the vehicle manufacturer, however, chooses to recommend an inflation pressure (labeled on the placard) lower than the maximum inflation pressure, the actual rated load is lower than that maximum rated load (based on maximum inflation pressure) because the tire load rating decreases with a lower inflation pressure.[34] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency believes that the actual rated load is a more appropriate measure of load reserve than the maximum rated load. The purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to prevent the overloading of a tire as installed on a vehicle, not on the tire in the abstract. The agency has concluded, therefore, that the most appropriate way for the vehicle manufacturer to determine the reserve load for the tire on the vehicle is to determine the load at recommended inflation pressure (as labeled on the placard), not at the maximum inflation pressure on the tire sidewall, since few, if any, vehicle manufacturers list the maximum inflation pressure as their recommended inflation    pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, if FMVSS No 110 were revised as proposed in the NPRM, vehicle manufacturers would be required to increase the reserve load from 12 percent to 15 percent on their vehicles. Additionally, the margin would, in fact, need to be made larger because the vehicle normal load would be based on the load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure rather than the load rating at the maximum inflation pressure of the tire.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The agency proposed an 85% figure, stating that increasing the tire reserve needed by a vehicle under normal loading conditions from 12 to 15 percent would result in a larger margin of safety when a vehicle is loaded to its GVWR or its tire are underinflated. Based on comments and further analysis, the agency believes that 85% figure combined with the load reserve being based on the load rating at placard pressure rather than at maximum inflation pressure is insufficiently justified at this time. Currently, the agency does not have any data that links reserve load to tire failure. The most recent data we have on this issue was analyzed in a 1981 study.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That study found no correlation between reserve load and tire failure. Further, the proposed reserve load increase would have necessitated the    vehicle manufacturers' making major changes in the design of some of    their vehicles to comply with the requirement.[35] For instance,    some vehicle manufacturers for some vehicles would have had to &amp;quot;plus&amp;quot;    size the tires on their vehicles, which could, in turn, have necessitated    a redesigning of other vehicle systems such as the suspension    and braking systems. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In response to the vehicle manufacturers' concerns, we have decided to de-link the tire selection criteria from the load used in the high- speed test. The agency believes that if it were to require that the vehicle normal load at placard pressure be no greater than the figure specified for the load parameter in the high speed test, 85%, too many vehicles would need a costly[36] tire upsize to comply with requirements that do not, based on all currently available data, appear to provide safety benefits. Further, the agency is not aware of any safety rationale to continue to link the load reserve requirements with the loading parameter in the high-speed test. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For passenger cars and for non-passenger car vehicles equipped with LT tires, the final rule requires that the vehicle normal load be based on 94% of load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. Therefore, vehicle    manufacturers will be required to insure that the tire reserve load corresponds with the tire's load carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the vehicle manufacturers recommended cold tire inflation pressure rather than the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall. The 94% figure was chosen to approximate closely the load reserve that results from the current requirement of 88% based of load rating at the tire's maximum inflation pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By specifying an 94% value based on vehicle normal load, the agency is addressing the vehicle industry's concerns that a significant number of vehicles would otherwise need to be redesigned to accommodate larger tire sizes, while aiming to reflect more accurately actual vehicle loading conditions of vehicles by requiring that each vehicle manufacturer select the appropriate reserve load for that vehicle. The agency has recently conducted a FMVSS No. 110 vehicle normal load evaluation and has concluded that almost all light vehicles could meet a revised criteria for load reserve based on 94% of placard pressure with only a minor increase, e.g., 1 or 2 psi, in this listed inflation pressure to accommodate the new requirement. Because 1 or 2 psi does not have a meaningful effect on the ride, comfort and, consequently, the marketability of a vehicle, this provision should impose little or no cost on the industry. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the final rule, the agency has also decided to retain the de-rating factor of 1.10 for P-metric tires    used on non-passenger car vehicles. For non-passenger car vehicles equipped with P-metric tires, the vehicle normal load shall be not greater than the de-rated value of 94% of the tire load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. This de-rating provides a greater load reserve when these tires are installed on vehicles other than passenger cars. For the first time, this final rule requires light trucks to have a specified tire reserve, the same as for passenger cars, under normal loading conditions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency has decided to retain the de-rating factor for P-metric tires used on MPVs, trucks, and buses in part in response to widespread support from commenters. Additionally, the agency continues to believe that the premise behind the 10 percent de-rating of P- metric tires remains valid today. This premise is that the reduction in the load rating is intended to provide a safety margin for the generally harsher treatment, such as heavier loading and possible off- road use, that passenger car tires receive when installed on a MPV, truck, bus or trailer, instead of on a passenger car.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=593</id>
		<title>Tire de-Rating</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=593"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T15:09:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/UpgradeTire/Final/Index.html &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
49 CFR Part 571 Docket No. NHTSA-03-15400 RIN 2127-AI54 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Tires &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''D. Tire Selection Criteria/De-Rating of P-metric Tires''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Commenters expressed a range of sentiments on these issues. Tire industry commenters strongly supported    retaining the de-rating percentage of 1.10 for P-metric tires used on    non-passenger car vehicles, and the proposal to revise FMVSS No. 110 to require determination of normal load based on 85% of the load at the    vehicle placard pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The vehicle industry commenters supported the extension of FMVSS No. 110 applicability to light trucks, MPVs and vans under 10,000 GVWR, but urged the agency to retain the vehicle normal load at 88% of the maximum load rating. The Alliance also suggested that the agency de-link the tire selection criteria from the load parameter used in the high-speed test, saying that no rationale exists for the linkage. While the Alliance stated that revising the load reserve requirement would affect areas of vehicle performance, such as braking and CAFE, and would require some redesign of vehicle systems and components, they did not provide specific data to support these assertions. GM stated that 22% of its car and 6% of its light truck volumes would not comply with the proposed tire selection criteria. Subaru also indicated that a significant percentage of its fleet would need to be altered to meet the proposals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Consumer group commenters suggested that the agency require a higher reserve load, between 18 and 20 percent because they believe that 15% does not adequately address typical loading conditions for trucks and heavier vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tire reserve load currently refers to a tire's remaining load-carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall and the vehicle is loaded to its gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). A reserve load is provided by vehicle manufacturers, as per the requirements of FMVSS No. 110, to account for overloading of the vehicle, under-inflation of tires, or both. The load reserve margin required by FMVSS No. 110 is linked with the load parameter in the FMVSS No. 109 high- speed test. The load parameter for the proposed high speed test was 85% percent of the maximum load as labeled on the tire. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The primary purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to specify requirements for tire selection to prevent tire overloading. Since the standard is a vehicle-based standard, the tire selected for each vehicle to which the standard applies is based on the load limits for the tire and the maximum vehicle weight. The maximum load rating (in lbs or kg) for a tire is currently determined at the maximum inflation pressure of 240 kPa (35 psi) for standard load P-metric tires. If the vehicle manufacturer, however, chooses to recommend an inflation pressure (labeled on the placard) lower than the maximum inflation pressure, the actual rated load is lower than that maximum rated load (based on maximum inflation pressure) because the tire load rating decreases with a lower inflation pressure.[34] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency believes that the actual rated load is a more appropriate measure of load reserve than the maximum rated load. The purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to prevent the overloading of a tire as installed on a vehicle, not on the tire in the abstract. The agency has concluded, therefore, that the most appropriate way for the vehicle manufacturer to determine the reserve load for the tire on the vehicle is to determine the load at recommended inflation pressure (as labeled on the placard), not at the maximum inflation pressure on the tire sidewall, since few, if any, vehicle manufacturers list the maximum inflation pressure as their recommended inflation    pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, if FMVSS No 110 were revised as proposed in the NPRM, vehicle manufacturers would be required to increase the reserve load from 12 percent to 15 percent on their vehicles. Additionally, the margin would, in fact, need to be made larger because the vehicle normal load would be based on the load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure rather than the load rating at the maximum inflation pressure of the tire.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The agency proposed an 85% figure, stating that increasing the tire reserve needed by a vehicle under normal loading conditions from 12 to 15 percent would result in a larger margin of safety when a vehicle is loaded to its GVWR or its tire are underinflated. Based on comments and further analysis, the agency believes that 85% figure combined with the load reserve being based on the load rating at placard pressure rather than at maximum inflation pressure is insufficiently justified at this time. Currently, the agency does not have any data that links reserve load to tire failure. The most recent data we have on this issue was analyzed in a 1981 study.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That study found no correlation between reserve load and tire failure. Further, the proposed reserve load increase would have necessitated the    vehicle manufacturers' making major changes in the design of some of    their vehicles to comply with the requirement.[35] For instance,    some vehicle manufacturers for some vehicles would have had to &amp;quot;plus&amp;quot;    size the tires on their vehicles, which could, in turn, have necessitated    a redesigning of other vehicle systems such as the suspension    and braking systems. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In response to the vehicle manufacturers' concerns, we have decided to de-link the tire selection criteria from the load used in the high- speed test. The agency believes that if it were to require that the vehicle normal load at placard pressure be no greater than the figure specified for the load parameter in the high speed test, 85%, too many vehicles would need a costly[36] tire upsize to comply with requirements that do not, based on all currently available data, appear to provide safety benefits. Further, the agency is not aware of any safety rationale to continue to link the load reserve requirements with the loading parameter in the high-speed test. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For passenger cars and for non-passenger car vehicles equipped with LT tires, the final rule requires that the vehicle normal load be based on 94% of load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. Therefore, vehicle    manufacturers will be required to insure that the tire reserve load corresponds with the tire's load carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the vehicle manufacturers recommended cold tire inflation pressure rather than the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall. The 94% figure was chosen to approximate closely the load reserve that results from the current requirement of 88% based of load rating at the tire's maximum inflation pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By specifying an 94% value based on vehicle normal load, the agency is addressing the vehicle industry's concerns that a significant number of vehicles would otherwise need to be redesigned to accommodate larger tire sizes, while aiming to reflect more accurately actual vehicle loading conditions of vehicles by requiring that each vehicle manufacturer select the appropriate reserve load for that vehicle. The agency has recently conducted a FMVSS No. 110 vehicle normal load evaluation and has concluded that almost all light vehicles could meet a revised criteria for load reserve based on 94% of placard pressure with only a minor increase, e.g., 1 or 2 psi, in this listed inflation pressure to accommodate the new requirement. Because 1 or 2 psi does not have a meaningful effect on the ride, comfort and, consequently, the marketability of a vehicle, this provision should impose little or no cost on the industry. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the final rule, the agency has also decided to retain the de-rating factor of 1.10 for P-metric tires    used on non-passenger car vehicles. For non-passenger car vehicles equipped with P-metric tires, the vehicle normal load shall be not greater than the de-rated value of 94% of the tire load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. This de-rating provides a greater load reserve when these tires are installed on vehicles other than passenger cars. For the first time, this final rule requires light trucks to have a specified tire reserve, the same as for passenger cars, under normal loading conditions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency has decided to retain the de-rating factor for P-metric tires used on MPVs, trucks, and buses in part in response to widespread support from commenters. Additionally, the agency continues to believe that the premise behind the 10 percent de-rating of P- metric tires remains valid today. This premise is that the reduction in the load rating is intended to provide a safety margin for the generally harsher treatment, such as heavier loading and possible off- road use, that passenger car tires receive when installed on a MPV, truck, bus or trailer, instead of on a passenger car.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=592</id>
		<title>Tire de-Rating</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=592"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T14:54:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/UpgradeTire/Final/Index.html &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
49    CFR Part 571 Docket No. NHTSA-03-15400 RIN 2127-AI54 Federal Motor    Vehicle Safety Standards; Tires &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
D. Tire Selection    Criteria/De-Rating of P-metric Tires &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Commenters expressed a range of sentiments on these issues. Tire industry commenters strongly supported    retaining the de-rating percentage of 1.10 for P-metric tires used on    non-passenger car vehicles, and the proposal to revise FMVSS No. 110 to require determination of normal load based on 85% of the load at the    vehicle placard pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The vehicle industry commenters supported the extension of FMVSS No. 110 applicability to light trucks, MPVs and vans under 10,000 GVWR, but urged the agency to retain the vehicle normal load at 88% of the maximum load rating. The Alliance also suggested that the agency de- link the tire selection criteria from the load parameter used in the high-speed test, saying that no rationale exists for the linkage. While the Alliance stated that revising the load reserve requirement would affect areas of vehicle performance, such as braking and CAFE, and would require some redesign of vehicle systems and components, they did not provide specific data to support these assertions. GM stated that 22% of its car and 6% of its light truck volumes would not comply with the proposed tire selection criteria. Subaru also indicated that a significant percentage of its fleet would need to be altered to meet the proposals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Consumer group commenters suggested that the agency require a higher reserve load, between 18 and 20 percent because they believe that 15% does not adequately address typical loading conditions for trucks and heavier vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tire reserve load currently refers to a tire's remaining load-carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall and the vehicle is loaded to its gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). A reserve load is provided by vehicle manufacturers, as per the requirements of FMVSS No. 110, to account for overloading of the vehicle, under- inflation of tires, or both. The load reserve margin required by FMVSS No. 110 is linked with the load parameter in the FMVSS No. 109 high- speed test. The load parameter for the proposed high speed test was 85% percent of the maximum load as labeled on the tire. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The primary purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to specify requirements for tire selection to prevent tire overloading. Since the standard is a vehicle-based standard, the tire selected for each vehicle to which the standard applies is based on the load limits for the tire and the maximum vehicle weight. The maximum load rating (in lbs or kg) for a tire is currently determined at the maximum inflation pressure of 240 kPa (35 psi) for standard load P-metric tires. If the vehicle manufacturer, however, chooses to recommend an inflation pressure (labeled on the placard) lower than the maximum inflation pressure, the actual rated load is lower than that maximum rated load (based on maximum inflation pressure) because the tire load rating decreases with a lower inflation pressure.[34] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency believes that the actual rated load is a more appropriate measure of load reserve than the maximum rated load. The purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to prevent the overloading of a tire as installed on a vehicle, not on the tire in the abstract. The agency has concluded, therefore, that the most appropriate way for the vehicle manufacturer to determine the reserve load for the tire on the vehicle is to determine the load at recommended inflation pressure (as labeled on the placard), not at the maximum inflation pressure on the tire sidewall, since few, if any, vehicle manufacturers list the maximum inflation pressure as their recommended inflation    pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, if FMVSS No 110 were revised as proposed in the NPRM, vehicle manufacturers would be required to increase the reserve load from 12 percent to 15 percent on their vehicles. Additionally, the margin would, in fact, need to be made larger because the vehicle normal load would be based on the load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure rather than the load rating at the maximum inflation pressure of the tire.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The agency proposed an 85% figure, stating that increasing the tire reserve needed by a vehicle under normal loading conditions from 12 to 15 percent would result in a larger margin of safety when a vehicle is loaded to its GVWR or its tire are underinflated. Based on comments and further analysis, the agency believes that 85% figure combined with the load reserve being based on the load rating at placard pressure rather than at maximum inflation pressure is insufficiently justified at this time. Currently, the agency does not have any data that links reserve load to tire failure. The most recent data we have on this issue was analyzed in a 1981 study.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That study found no correlation between reserve load and tire failure. Further, the proposed reserve load increase would have necessitated the    vehicle manufacturers' making major changes in the design of some of    their vehicles to comply with the requirement.[35] For instance,    some vehicle manufacturers for some vehicles would have had to &amp;quot;plus&amp;quot;    size the tires on their vehicles, which could, in turn, have necessitated    a redesigning of other vehicle systems such as the suspension    and braking systems. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In response to the vehicle manufacturers' concerns, we have decided to de-link the tire selection criteria from the load used in the high- speed test. The agency believes that if it were to require that the vehicle normal load at placard pressure be no greater than the figure specified for the load parameter in the high speed test, 85%, too many vehicles would need a costly[36] tire upsize to comply with requirements that do not, based on all currently available data, appear to provide safety benefits. Further, the agency is not aware of any safety rationale to continue to link the load reserve requirements with the loading parameter in the high-speed test. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For passenger cars and for non-passenger car vehicles equipped with LT tires, the final rule requires that the vehicle normal load be based on 94% of load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. Therefore, vehicle    manufacturers will be required to insure that the tire reserve load corresponds with the tire's load carrying capabilities when the tire is inflated to the vehicle manufacturers recommended cold tire inflation pressure rather than the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall. The 94% figure was chosen to approximate closely the load reserve that results from the current requirement of 88% based of load rating at the tire's maximum inflation pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By specifying an 94% value based on vehicle normal load, the agency is addressing the vehicle industry's concerns that a significant number of vehicles would otherwise need to be redesigned to accommodate larger tire sizes, while aiming to reflect more accurately actual vehicle loading conditions of vehicles by requiring that each vehicle manufacturer select the appropriate reserve load for that vehicle. The agency has recently conducted a FMVSS No. 110 vehicle normal load evaluation and has concluded that almost all light vehicles could meet a revised criteria for load reserve based on 94% of placard pressure with only a minor increase, e.g., 1 or 2 psi, in this listed inflation pressure to accommodate the new requirement. Because 1 or 2 psi does not have a meaningful effect on the ride, comfort and, consequently, the marketability of a vehicle, this provision should impose little or no cost on the industry. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the final rule, the agency has also decided to retain the derating factor of 1.10 for P-metric tires    used on non-passenger car vehicles. For non-passenger car vehicles equipped with P-metric tires, the vehicle normal load shall be not greater than the derated value of 94% of the tire load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. This derating provides a greater load reserve when these tires are installed on vehicles other than passenger cars. For the first time, this final rule requires light trucks to have a specified tire reserve, the same as for passenger cars, under normal loading conditions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The agency has decided to retain the de-rating factor for P-metric tires used on MPVs, trucks, and buses in part in response to widespread support from commenters. Additionally, the agency continues to believe that the premise behind the 10 percent de-rating of P- metric tires remains valid today. This premise is that the reduction in the load rating is intended to provide a safety margin for the generally harsher treatment, such as heavier loading and possible off- road use, that passenger car tires receive when installed on a MPV, truck, bus or trailer, instead of on a passenger car.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=591</id>
		<title>Tire de-Rating</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Tire_de-Rating&amp;diff=591"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T14:44:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: Created page with &amp;quot;http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/UpgradeTire/Final/Index.html  49    CFR Part 571 Docket No. NHTSA-03-15400 RIN 2127-AI54 Federal Motor    Vehicle Safety Standards; Tires ...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/UpgradeTire/Final/Index.html &lt;br /&gt;
49    CFR Part 571 Docket No. NHTSA-03-15400 RIN 2127-AI54 Federal Motor    Vehicle Safety Standards; Tires &lt;br /&gt;
 D. Tire Selection    Criteria/De-Rating of P-metric Tires &lt;br /&gt;
Commenters expressed a range of    sentiments on these issues. Tire industry commenters strongly supported    retaining the de-rating percentage of 1.10 for P-metric tires used on    non-passenger car vehicles, and the proposal to revise FMVSS No. 110 to    require determination of normal load based on 85% of the load at the    vehicle placard pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
The vehicle industry commenters supported    the extension of FMVSS No. 110 applicability to light trucks, MPVs and vans    under 10,000 GVWR, but urged the agency to retain the vehicle normal load    at 88% of the maximum load rating. The Alliance also suggested that the    agency de- link the tire selection criteria from the load parameter used in    the high-speed test, saying that no rationale exists for the    linkage. While the Alliance stated that revising the load reserve    requirement would affect areas of vehicle performance, such as braking and    CAFE, and would require some redesign of vehicle systems and    components, they did not provide specific data to support these assertions.    GM stated that 22% of its car and 6% of its light truck volumes would    not comply with the proposed tire selection criteria. Subaru    also indicated that a significant percentage of its fleet would need to    be altered to meet the proposals. &lt;br /&gt;
Consumer group commenters    suggested that the agency require a higher reserve load, between 18 and 20    percent because they believe that 15% does not adequately address typical    loading conditions for trucks and heavier vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;
Tire reserve    load currently refers to a tire's remaining load-carrying capabilities when    the tire is inflated to the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation    pressure shown on the tire sidewall and the vehicle is loaded to its gross    vehicle weight rating (GVWR). A reserve load is provided by vehicle    manufacturers, as per the requirements of FMVSS No. 110, to account for    overloading of the vehicle, under- inflation of tires, or both. The load    reserve margin required by FMVSS No. 110 is linked with the load parameter    in the FMVSS No. 109 high- speed test. The load parameter for the proposed    high speed test was 85% percent of the maximum load as labeled on the    tire. &lt;br /&gt;
The primary purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to specify requirements    for tire selection to prevent tire overloading. Since the standard is    a vehicle-based standard, the tire selected for each vehicle to    which the standard applies is based on the load limits for the tire and    the maximum vehicle weight. The maximum load rating (in lbs or kg) for    a tire is currently determined at the maximum inflation pressure of    240 kPa (35 psi) for standard load P-metric tires. If the    vehicle manufacturer, however, chooses to recommend an inflation    pressure (labeled on the placard) lower than the maximum inflation    pressure, the actual rated load is lower than that maximum rated load    (based on maximum inflation pressure) because the tire load rating    decreases with a lower inflation pressure.[34] &lt;br /&gt;
The agency believes    that the actual rated load is a more appropriate measure of load reserve    than the maximum rated load. The purpose of FMVSS No. 110 is to prevent the    overloading of a tire as installed on a vehicle, not on the tire in the    abstract. The agency has concluded, therefore, that the most appropriate    way for the vehicle manufacturer to determine the reserve load for the tire    on the vehicle is to determine the load at recommended inflation pressure    (as labeled on the placard), not at the maximum inflation pressure on the    tire sidewall, since few, if any, vehicle manufacturers list the    maximum inflation pressure as their recommended inflation    pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
However, if FMVSS No 110 were revised as proposed in the    NPRM, vehicle manufacturers would be required to increase the reserve load    from 12 percent to 15 percent on their vehicles. Additionally, the    margin would, in fact, need to be made larger because the vehicle normal    load would be based on the load rating at the vehicle's placard    pressure rather than the load rating at the maximum inflation pressure of    the tire. &lt;br /&gt;
The agency proposed an 85% figure, stating that increasing    the tire reserve needed by a vehicle under normal loading conditions from    12 to 15 percent would result in a larger margin of safety when a vehicle    is loaded to its GVWR or its tire are underinflated. Based on    comments and further analysis, the agency believes that 85% figure    combined with the load reserve being based on the load rating at    placard pressure rather than at maximum inflation pressure is    insufficiently justified at this time. Currently, the agency does not have    any data that links reserve load to tire failure. The most recent data we    have on this issue was analyzed in a 1981 study. That study found    no correlation between reserve load and tire failure. Further,    the proposed reserve load increase would have necessitated the    vehicle manufacturers' making major changes in the design of some of    their vehicles to comply with the requirement.[35] For instance,    some vehicle manufacturers for some vehicles would have had to &amp;quot;plus&amp;quot;    size the tires on their vehicles, which could, in turn, have necessitated    a redesigning of other vehicle systems such as the suspension    and braking systems. &lt;br /&gt;
In response to the vehicle manufacturers'    concerns, we have decided to de-link the tire selection criteria from the    load used in the high- speed test. The agency believes that if it were to    require that the vehicle normal load at placard pressure be no greater than    the figure specified for the load parameter in the high speed test, 85%,    too many vehicles would need a costly[36] tire upsize to comply    with requirements that do not, based on all currently available    data, appear to provide safety benefits. Further, the agency is not aware    of any safety rationale to continue to link the load reserve    requirements with the loading parameter in the high-speed test. &lt;br /&gt;
For    passenger cars and for non-passenger car vehicles equipped with LT tires,    the final rule requires that the vehicle normal load be based on 94% of    load rating at the vehicle's placard pressure. Therefore, vehicle    manufacturers will be required to insure that the tire reserve load    corresponds with the tire's load carrying capabilities when the tire is    inflated to the vehicle manufacturers recommended cold tire inflation    pressure rather than the tire manufacturer's maximum cold inflation    pressure shown on the tire sidewall. The 94% figure was chosen to    approximate closely the load reserve that results from the current    requirement of 88% based of load rating at the tire's maximum inflation    pressure. &lt;br /&gt;
By specifying an 94% value based on vehicle normal load, the    agency is addressing the vehicle industry's concerns that a significant    number of vehicles would otherwise need to be redesigned to    accommodate larger tire sizes, while aiming to reflect more accurately    actual vehicle loading conditions of vehicles by requiring that each    vehicle manufacturer select the appropriate reserve load for that vehicle.    The agency has recently conducted a FMVSS No. 110 vehicle normal    load evaluation and has concluded that almost all light vehicles could    meet a revised criteria for load reserve based on 94% of placard    pressure with only a minor increase, e.g., 1 or 2 psi, in this listed    inflation pressure to accommodate the new requirement. Because 1 or 2 psi    does not have a meaningful effect on the ride, comfort and,    consequently, the marketability of a vehicle, this provision should impose    little or no cost on the industry. &lt;br /&gt;
For the final rule, the agency    has also decided to retain the de- rating factor of 1.10 for P-metric tires    used on non-passenger car vehicles. For non-passenger car vehicles equipped    with P-metric tires, the vehicle normal load shall be not greater than the    derated value of 94% of the tire load rating at the vehicle's placard    pressure. This de- rating provides a greater load reserve when these tires    are installed on vehicles other than passenger cars. For the first time,    this final rule requires light trucks to have a specified tire reserve, the    same as for passenger cars, under normal loading conditions. &lt;br /&gt;
The    agency has decided to retain the de-rating factor for P-metric tires used    on MPVs, trucks, and buses in part in response to widespread support from    commenters. Additionally, the agency continues to believe that the premise    behind the 10 percent de-rating of P- metric tires remains valid today.    This premise is that the reduction in the load rating is intended to    provide a safety margin for the generally harsher treatment, such as    heavier loading and possible off- road use, that passenger car tires    receive when installed on a MPV, truck, bus or trailer, instead of on a    passenger car.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=590</id>
		<title>Index of Technical Articles By Subject</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=590"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T14:43:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: /* List of articles: */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Index of Technical Articles By Subject  ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;This page needs a volunteer to populate. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{how to edit this page}} &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== List of articles:  ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bentley manual|Bentley Manual]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Brake lines replacement|Brake Lines Replacement]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conversions|Conversions Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Remove dash|Dash Removal]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electrical Articles|Electrical Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fix floppy mirror|Fix Floppy Mirror]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob|Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hi-Lift jack adapter|Hi-Lift Jack Adapter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tire de-Rating]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[List of parts suppliers|List of Parts Suppliers]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Living Off The Grid Articles|Living Off The Grid Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pop Top Arm Repair|Pop Top Arm Repair]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maintenance Articles|Maintenance Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Syncro Tech Index|Syncro-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Westy Tech Articles|Westfalia-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Replacing window seals|Window Seals, Replacing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=588</id>
		<title>Index of Technical Articles By Subject</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Index_of_Technical_Articles_By_Subject&amp;diff=588"/>
		<updated>2011-10-18T14:40:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: /* List of articles: */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Index of Technical Articles By Subject  ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;This page needs a volunteer to populate. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{how to edit this page}} &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== List of articles:  ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bentley manual|Bentley Manual]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Brake lines replacement|Brake Lines Replacement]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conversions|Conversions Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Remove dash|Dash Removal]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electrical Articles|Electrical Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fix floppy mirror|Fix Floppy Mirror]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob|Flywheel Install Video by Boston Bob]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hi-Lift jack adapter|Hi-Lift Jack Adapter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tire Ratings In Depth Explanation|In Depth Explanation of Tire Ratings]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[List of parts suppliers|List of Parts Suppliers]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Living Off The Grid Articles|Living Off The Grid Articles]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pop Top Arm Repair|Pop Top Arm Repair]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maintenance Articles|Maintenance Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Syncro Tech Index|Syncro-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Westy Tech Articles|Westfalia-specific Articles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Replacing window seals|Window Seals, Replacing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=197</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=197"/>
		<updated>2010-05-10T18:50:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The Vanagon Wiki is being rebuilt... We have the technology'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
The Vanagon Wiki was created on August 7, 2007. It is intended to be a central repository for all information Vanagon-related (however loosely). Like the Vanagon.com list archives, the wiki will preserve and convey the distilled wisdom of those who love, maintain, repair, and modify these unique vehicles. But unlike the archives, these pages will not only be quicker to access, they are &amp;quot;live,&amp;quot; meaning that any registered user can edit a topic for accuracy or clarity or add new information as it comes along; and any registered user can create new topic pages. If you consider yourself to be an expert in a particular area then [[Special:UserLogin|register]] and create a new page so others can benefit from your experience.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Vanagon Wiki data was lost due to a series of unfortunate events (how Vanagon-like), and, as of May 2010, is being actively rebuilt by a special segment of the [http://www.vanagonauts.com/index.phtml?catid=74 Vanagon Rescue Squad].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== What's here? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Not much, yet.  Any pages that have been assigned a category can be accessed through their category page.  A list of all the categories is at [[Special:Categories]].  Since all the work we've done on this is still very recent, you can also discover what's been going on by looking at the [[Special:RecentChanges|&amp;quot;Recent Changes&amp;quot;]] link on the left-side navigation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See below if you want to learn how to help.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Getting started ==&lt;br /&gt;
Consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Conversions&amp;diff=128</id>
		<title>Conversions</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Conversions&amp;diff=128"/>
		<updated>2010-05-07T20:34:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This is just a placeholder now, but eventually it will be a front page for information about all the kinds of powertrain conversions that people do to their Vanagons.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some examples:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* EJ22/EJ25/EG33/EZ30 (Subaru)&lt;br /&gt;
* Zetec (Bostig)&lt;br /&gt;
* Jetta &lt;br /&gt;
* Diesel/Biodiesel&lt;br /&gt;
* v6 (Chevrolet/Buick/VW)&lt;br /&gt;
* v8 (Chevrolet/VW)&lt;br /&gt;
* Porsche&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:conversions]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Conversions&amp;diff=120</id>
		<title>Conversions</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://t3wiki.org/index.php?title=Conversions&amp;diff=120"/>
		<updated>2010-05-07T13:23:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sudhir: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This is just a placeholder now, but eventually it will be a front page for information about all the kinds of powertrain conversions that people do to their Vanagons.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some examples:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* EJ22/EJ25/EG33/EZ30 (Subaru)&lt;br /&gt;
* Zetec (Bostig)&lt;br /&gt;
* Jetta &lt;br /&gt;
* Diesel/Biodiesel&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:conversions]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sudhir</name></author>
		
	</entry>
</feed>